Drainage System of Punjab

  Geography of Punjab part 2 (Rivers of Punjab)

Introduction:

➢ Punjab derives its name from two persian words : Panj (five) and ab (water) means land of five rivers.
➢ These five rivers are -
○ Satluj
○ Beas
○ Ravi
○ Chenab
○ Jhelum
➢ Rivers left after partition
○ Satluj
○ Beas
○ Ravi

Ancient names 

➢ Satluj - Satlutri
➢ Beas - Vipash
➢ Ravi - Parushani
➢ Chenab - Asikni
➢ Jhelum - Vitasta
➢ Indus - Sindhu
➢ Saraswati - Sarusti

Types of river systems in Punjab

Perennial : Satluj River
                  Beas River

                  Ravi River    

Seasonal or Ephemeral: Ghaggar

The Satluj River 

➢ Origin : Rakas Lake near Mansarovar as Langchen Khambab
➢ Flows in south west direction
➢ Length: 1,500 km
➢ Feeds the canal system of Bhakra Nangal Project
➢ It enters Punjab plains near Ropar district
➢ Joins Beas at Harike in Tarn Taran district
➢ Panjnad = Trimab + Satluj + Beas
➢ Trimab = Ravi + Chenab + Jhelum
➢ Towns situated on the banks of the river :
Ropar, Phillaur, Harike, Ferozepur

The Beas River

➢ Origin: Beas Kund in Kullu Hills nea Rohtang Pass
➢ The river was also known as Arjikuja of the Vedas, or Vipasha to the ancient Indians
➢ Length: 470 km
➢ Enters Punjab through Hoshiarpur district
➢ Joined by Chakki stream near Mirthal
➢ Joins Satluj near Harike
➢ Tributaries
○ Left side: Parbati Suketri
○ Right side: Uhl, Lambadug, Gaj and Chakki
➢ Major Projects: Pong Dam near Talwara
➢ Kandi canal and Mukerian Hydel channel have been taken off from Beas river near Talwara

The Ravi River

● Originates near Rohtang Pass in Kullu HIlls in Himachal Pradesh
● Length: 720 km
● Enters Punjab at Chaundh village
● transboundary river crossing northwestern India and eastern Pakistan.
● Trimab- When Ravi joins Chenab-Jhelum combined course near Sarai Sindhi in Pakistan
● Tributaries- Ujh, Jalalia Nadi and Sakki Kiran Nala
● Major Projects
○ Thein Dam
○ Shahpur Kandi Project

Doab

Doab (from dō, "two" + āb, "water" or "river") is a term used in India and Pakistan for the tract of land lying between two converging, or confluent, rivers.
● Sindh Sagar Doab :lies between the Indus and Jhelum rivers
● Jech Doabs: lies between the Jhelum and the Chenab rivers
● Rechna Doab: lies between the Chenab and the Ravi rivers.
● Bari Doab: lies between the Ravi and the Beas rivers
● Bist Doab: lies between the Beas and the Sutlej rivers.

Ghaggar

● Originates in the village of Dagshai in the Shivalik Hills of Himachal Pradesh
● Length: 320 km ● Passes through southern parts of Patiala, Sangrur and Mansa

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